Norway Spruce
Picea abies
Norway Spruce is one of the most important commercial softwoods in Europe, valued for its resonant properties in musical instrument soundboards and its versatility in construction. It is the traditional choice for violin and piano soundboards due to its excellent acoustic qualities.
Botanical Profile
Picea abies is a large evergreen conifer native to northern and central Europe, typically reaching 35-55 meters in height. It has a straight trunk with a conical crown and produces the familiar spruce cones. The species is widely planted and naturalized beyond its native range.
Physical Properties
Heartwood is cream to pale yellowish-white, sometimes with reddish or golden streaks. Sapwood is similar. Density averages 450 kg/m³ with a Janka hardness of 380 lbf. Fine, even texture with usually straight grain. Low shrinkage.
Workshop Notes
Blunting Effect
Low - soft wood
Gluing Advice
Excellent gluing properties
Finishing
Good - takes stain and finish well
Steam Bending
Good steam bending when clear-grained
Historical Context
Norway Spruce has been used in European construction for centuries. Stradivari and other master violin makers selected it for soundboards. It remains the premier tonewood for orchestral string instruments and pianos.
Technical Specs
Sustainable - widely planted and harvested in Europe