Gonçalo Alves
Astronium fraxinifolium
Gonçalo Alves is a stunning tropical hardwood primarily known for its dramatic appearance and exceptional durability. Often marketed as Tigerwood due to its bold, dark striping against an orange-brown background, it is a premier choice for high-end flooring, fine furniture, and decorative veneers. Its remarkable strength and natural resistance to decay make it suitable for both interior and exterior applications.
Botanical Profile
Scientifically known as Astronium fraxinifolium, this deciduous tree is native to the tropical forests of South America, particularly Brazil. The trees can reach heights of up to thirty-five meters with trunk diameters exceeding one meter. It belongs to the Anacardiaceae family, which also includes cashew and mango trees, sharing their characteristic resilience.
Physical Properties
The wood is exceptionally dense and heavy, with a Janka hardness rating of approximately 2,170 lbf. Its heartwood displays a vibrant range of colors from golden-brown to deep reddish-orange, accented by irregular black streaks. The grain is typically interlocked or wavy, contributing to its striking visual appeal while also making the surface naturally oily and lustrous.
Workshop Notes
Blunting Effect
Moderate to high; high density and mineral content can dull cutting edges quickly.
Gluing Advice
Difficult; natural oils require surface preparation with a solvent like acetone before bonding.
Finishing
Excellent; takes a high natural polish and works well with most oil or lacquer finishes.
Steam Bending
Poor; the wood is too dense and brittle for significant steam bending applications.
Historical Context
Historically, Gonçalo Alves has been prized by South American craftsmen for centuries due to its incredible longevity and aesthetic beauty. In the global market, it gained popularity during the late twentieth century as an exotic alternative to traditional hardwoods. It remains a symbol of luxury in contemporary woodworking, frequently utilized for specialty items like pool cues.
Technical Specs
Not listed in the CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.