Common Alder
Alnus glutinosa
Common Alder is a medium-density temperate hardwood native to Europe and western Asia, valued for its workability and affordability. It is commonly used in turnery, plywood, and furniture making. The wood darkens attractively with age and is remarkably stable when submerged, as demonstrated by Venice built on alder pilings.
Botanical Profile
Alnus glutinosa is a deciduous tree of the birch family, native to Europe and western Asia. It typically reaches 20-30 meters in height with a lifespan of 100-150 years. The tree thrives in wet soils and is known for nitrogen-fixing properties that improve soil fertility.
Physical Properties
The heartwood is pale reddish-brown to light brown with minimal distinction from sapwood. It has a fine, even texture with straight grain. Dried weight averages 530 kg/m³ with a Janka hardness of 590 lbf. Moderately stable and easy to work, with uniform density throughout.
Workshop Notes
Blunting Effect
Low - soft wood, easy on edges
Gluing Advice
Good gluing properties with most adhesives
Finishing
Takes stains and finishes well, darkens with exposure
Steam Bending
Good steam bending characteristics
Historical Context
Historically used for water-resistant applications due to its durability when submerged. Venice was built on alder pilings. Traditionally used for clogs, bowls, and venetian blinds. Sawdust was once used for smoking fish, particularly in Scotland and Scandinavia.
Technical Specs
Sustainable with good regeneration, widely cultivated