Red Oak
Quercus rubra
Red Oak is one of the most abundant and commercially important hardwoods in North America, widely used for furniture, flooring, and interior woodworking. Its strength, workability, and distinctive open grain pattern make it a workshop staple, though its coarse texture and poor weather resistance limit outdoor applications.
Botanical Profile
Quercus rubra is a large deciduous tree native to eastern North America, typically reaching 25-35 meters in height. It features distinctive pointed-lobe leaves that turn brilliant red in autumn and produces acorns that mature over two growing seasons.
Physical Properties
The heartwood displays pinkish to reddish-brown tones with prominent open pores and rays creating a distinctive grain pattern. With a density of approximately 705 kg/m³ and Janka hardness of 1,290 lbf, it offers good strength while remaining workable. The coarse texture is characteristic of the red oak group.
Workshop Notes
Blunting Effect
Moderate - contains tannic acid that can be corrosive to tools over time
Gluing Advice
Good gluing properties with most adhesives
Finishing
Requires grain filler for smooth finish - absorbs stains well but can be blotchy without conditioner
Steam Bending
Excellent steam bending characteristics, among the best of North American hardwoods
Historical Context
Red Oak gained prominence in American furniture-making during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly during the Arts and Crafts movement. Its abundance and workability made it a democratic alternative to more expensive hardwoods, cementing its role in American homes and workshops.
Technical Specs
Abundant and sustainably managed in North America