Iroko
Milicia excelsa
Iroko is a highly valued African hardwood, often called African Teak due to its similar properties and appearance. Prized for exceptional durability and weather resistance, it serves as an excellent alternative to genuine teak for exterior applications at a more accessible price point.
Botanical Profile
Milicia excelsa is a large deciduous tree native to tropical Africa, reaching heights of 40-50 meters with trunk diameters up to 2 meters. It grows in humid forests and produces small fig-like fruits that attract wildlife throughout its range.
Physical Properties
The heartwood matures from pale yellow to golden or medium brown, sometimes with darker streaks. Density averages 660 kg/m³ when dried, with a Janka hardness of 1,260 lbf. The interlocked grain produces attractive ribbon striping on quartersawn surfaces. Very stable in service.
Workshop Notes
Blunting Effect
Moderate - contains mineral deposits that can dull cutting edges
Gluing Advice
Good gluing properties, though oily surface may require preparation
Finishing
Takes finishes well, though natural oils may slow drying time
Steam Bending
Moderate steam bending characteristics due to interlocked grain
Historical Context
Iroko has been used in African boat building and construction for centuries. Colonial-era exploitation led to widespread use in European and American markets as a teak substitute. Today it remains important for marine applications and outdoor furniture production.
Technical Specs
Generally sustainable, though CITES monitoring recommended for some regions