Parana Pine
Araucaria angustifolia
Araucaria angustifolia, commonly known as Parana Pine, is a significant softwood species native to southern Brazil. Despite its name, it is not a true pine but a member of the ancient Araucariaceae family. It is highly valued in South American woodworking for its clear, straight grain and versatile performance in furniture, internal joinery, and structural applications.
Botanical Profile
This evergreen conifer is a living fossil, characterized by its distinctive candelabra-like crown when mature. It typically grows to heights of 25-35 meters in the humid subtropical forests of the Paraná Plateau. The species is currently listed as critically endangered due to historical over-exploitation and significant habitat loss.
Physical Properties
The wood features a fine, uniform texture with a Janka hardness of approximately 780 lbf. Its heartwood is light brown with occasional red streaks, while the sapwood is yellowish. With an average dried weight of 540 kg/m³, it offers moderate strength but low natural durability against rot and insects.
Workshop Notes
Blunting Effect
Low - very easy on cutting edges
Gluing Advice
Excellent gluing properties with standard adhesives
Finishing
Good - takes stains and clear coats evenly due to uniform texture
Steam Bending
Poor to moderate steam bending characteristics
Historical Context
Parana Pine was the most important timber species in Brazil during the 20th century, driving the regional economy and urban development. Historically used for everything from housing to matches, its populations declined by over 97 percent. Today, its use is strictly regulated, with most commercial timber coming from managed plantations.
Technical Specs
Critically endangered; wild harvesting is restricted, plantation wood is available.